Showing posts with label Conversation. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Conversation. Show all posts

Tuesday, 22 July 2014

Lesson 07: Punctuation

Teach Me how to pronounce punctuation


What is Punctuation?


Punctuation is a system of symbols (.,?!-:; etc) we use to separate sentences, clauses and phrases in order to make the meaning clear. The symbols are called punctuation marks.

Punctuation in Writing 


Using punctuation marks whenever necessary is vital, in any piece of writing - be it an academic essay or a status on facebook! 

The correct use of punctuation shows where sentences start and finish, clarifies their meaning and makes it easier for the reader to go through and understand your piece of writing.


Pronounce Punctuation 


Punctuation plays an equally important role in reading and speech too, as it indicates aspects of the intonation* and meaning. 

*We will go into intonation in more depth later on, but for you to get an idea, intonation is simply defined as the rise and fall of the voice in connected speech.

Now start reading a text. Aloud. Seriously. Just do this. Good. Go on. A bit more. Okay.

Did you notice? Hopefully, you paused whenever you encountered a punctuation mark in the text.

Pronouncing punctuation helps with the intonation, rhythm and flow of your speech while at the same time making it easier for the listener to understand, process and take in the information you're sharing.



Remembering things is one of my weaknesses I guess. No matter how hard I try to prevent it from happening, I always forget things in the end. I've tried many things: having a personal organiser, making to-do lists, setting reminders on my phone all the time.. but there's always that detail that will slip my mind at the very last moment. Most of the time, I forget small things like birthdays or, say, my scarf on the bus; but sometimes I forget important ones, too, like paying the bills or work-related stuff. Last week, after making some chips, I forgot to turn off the stove burner and the frying pan was still on it! If it weren't for my roommate, I'd be in a very dire position right now.

Different Punctuation, Different Meaning


Below are pairs of sentences whose only difference is their punctuation. The use of different punctuation typically conveys different meaning.

-What I love the most in life is cooking, my family, and my dog.
-What I love the most in life is cooking my family and my dog.


-"Was that the question?" he asked.
-"Was that the question he asked?"


-Woman, without her man, is nothing.
-Woman: without her, man is nothing.


-The chicken wandered outside of the coop. Half an hour after, its head was cut off.
-The chicken wandered outside of the coop half an hour after its head was cut off.



Wrong use of punctuation

Tuesday, 15 July 2014

Lesson 04: I Beg your Pardon?

Teach Me how to avoid misunderstandings in conversation


Part I: Sometimes Misunderstandings just Happen


Listen to this dialogue between a doctor and his wife. What led to the misunderstanding?




W: You look upset, what's wrong? How was your day at work?

D: Awful. I lost my patience today all because of an absent-minded nurse.

W: Oh my God. What happened exactly?

D: Well, Jessica, this newcomer nurse, mixed the files of the medical records of three of my patients. That almost drove me mad.. I can't stop thinking about it.

W: My goodness! This is dreadful. What is going to happen now? Is the hospital going to fire her or sue her?

D: No, that's the most irritating bit of the story. They decided to just give her a written warning and let her get away with it this time.

W: That's unheard of! Her mistake cost the lives of three patients, caused irreparable damage to the reputation of the hospital.. and she will not face any consequences?

D: Huh? Cost the lives..? I can't follow you. What do you mean?

W: Well, three people died, didn't they? You said you lost your patients because of her.

D: Oh no, you got it all wrong. The patients are very much alive, thankfully I picked up on her mistake relatively early but that was when I lost my patience.. you know, I had steam coming out of my ears and started shouting at her and lecturing her in front of everybody.. I completely lost my temper.

Answer

Although both the doctor and his wife talk in error-free English, a misunderstanding still takes place and that's because the words patience and patients are homophones (i.e. are pronounced the same, Lesson 01). 

When the doctor's wife says "her mistake cost the lives of the patients", he begins to suspect that at some point the communication went wrong and that she understood patients, rather than patience, so he corrects the misunderstanding.


Avoid misunderstandings
Comic illustrated by Pablo Stanley

Part II: Clarifying questions


One way to avoid misunderstandings is by asking the other speaker questions. Check out the following questions and use them whenever you are unsure about something and need help or clarification.

1) Sorry, I don't understand.

By using this little phrase you make it clear to your speaker that you find yourself unsure as to what the speaker says or means. By the way, I should stress that there is absolutely no shame in saying directly that you don't understand something (meanings, instructions, pronunciation, accent, etc).

2) Could you speak more slowly, please? 

Case 1: You need to take down some notes.
Case 2: The other speaker just talks very fast making it hard for you to follow them.

Whatever the case, you kindly request them to slow down so as to ease your communication.

3) Could you repeat that, please? 

You politely ask them to say something again.

4) How do you spell that?

You ask the other speaker to name in order the letters constituting a word or name. 

e.g. -How do you spell your name, Richard? 
       -It's R-I-C-H-A-R-D.

5) How do you pronounce that?

You ask the other speaker to say a word or name correctly.

e.g. - How do you pronounce the doctor's name?
       -It's Waysworth, Dr. /weɪswɜːθ/.
   
 

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